世足賽在19日深夜完美落幕,阿根廷睽違36年再次獲得冠軍,令不少球迷歡欣鼓舞。除了各國球隊之間精彩的表現受到討論,場外的黃牛票票價屢創新高,同樣引發熱議。不只世足賽門票,先前Blackpink與Super Junior等韓團來台開唱,更是黃牛猖獗。這次我們來學習與黃牛票相關的英文,也是TOEIC測驗常出現的單字。
scalp黃牛票
黃牛的英文源自於scalp「頭皮」,來自印地安人在戰爭後會把敵人頭皮剝下、作為戰利品的行為。「黃牛」因為藉由販售門票多賺一手,因此也稱作ticket scalper。
The barber carefully shaved the customer's scalp.
(理髮師小心翼翼的為顧客剃頭。)
The ticket scalper sold tickets for a steep markup outside the stadium.
(那個黃牛在比賽會場外高價出售門票。)
販賣黃牛票的行為,就是把scalp作為動詞加上ing,成為動名詞scalping。
The police were trying to crack down on ticket scalping outside the stadium.
(警方嘗試在體育館外打擊賣黃牛票的行為。)
transferable可移轉的
黃牛票會出現,就是因為門票可以被transferable「移轉」。在一般售票的情況下,會分成transferable「可移轉」與non-transferable「不可移轉」的票。不可移轉的門票通常會要求綁定身份證字號或姓名,雖然售票過程較為麻煩,卻可以大幅降低黃牛票發生的機會。
His communication skills are transferable to almost any job.
(他的溝通技巧幾乎適用於任何工作。)
The knowledge acquired in this course is transferable to other classes.
(在這堂課程中所習得的知識,可以移轉到其他課程上。)
transaction交易
買賣票務跟交易有關係,因此英文transaction與transferable相同,字根為trans-「移轉」。
I completed the transaction online with my credit card.
(我用信用卡在線完成了交易。)
The transaction was successfully processed and the funds were transferred to my bank account.
(交易成功完成,資金已移轉至我的銀行帳戶了。)
reselling重新販售
黃牛的行為是票務重售,重售二手貨物本身不違法,黃牛會違法,是因為售票商明令禁止,所以才不能進行。
She made a large profit by reselling her old clothes online.
(她在線上販售舊衣服賺了不少。)
The company specializes in reselling used electronics.
(該公司專精於重售二手電子產品。)
controversial具有爭議性的
黃牛哄抬原先售票價格,讓真正想去看表演觀眾無法進場,因此具有爭議性(controversial)。字根「contro-」是「相反的」意思,拉丁字根「verse」的原文則是「轉動」,代表事情往相反的地方轉,解釋為「有爭議性」。
The decision to build a new highway through the protected forest was highly controversial.
(蓋一條新的高速公路穿過保護林地的決定引起了極大的爭議。)
The use of genetically modified crops is a controversial topic.
(使用基因改造穀物是個有爭議性的話題。)
priority access優先入場權
除了黃牛票票價昂貴,有些門票也會因為可以取得(access)特權(privilege/perk)而價格不斐。例如priority access「優先入場」,對於沒有劃位的音樂會或演講而言,可以優先進場就更有機會占到更好的位置。
As a VIP, I was granted priority access to the event.
(作為VIP,我得到了該活動優先入場的機會。)
Our company is offering priority access to members of its loyalty program.
(我們公司對積點活動中的會員提供優先入場。)
【TOEIC模擬試題】
- The ______ waited outside the concert venue, hoping to find someone willing to pay a premium price for the tickets he had in his hand.
(A) ticket buyer
(B) ticket counterfeiter
(C) ticket scalper
(D) ticket loser
- After much negotiation, the concertgoer and the scalper finally agreed on a price for the tickets and completed the ________.
(A) competition
(B) artwork
(C) puzzle
(D) transaction
- The practice of scalping tickets to popular events is often ________, as it can make it difficult for regular fans to obtain tickets at face value.
(A) legal
(B) acceptable
(C) controversial
(D) praised
解析:
- 正解為(C)。題意為「黃牛等在音樂會場外,希望找到願意支付高價、買他手上票的人。」(A)買家,(B)偽造者,(D)輸家或丟掉票的人。ticket scalper「黃牛」符合句意,故(C)為正解。
- 正解為(D) 。題意為「在好一段談判後,要去音樂會的人與黃牛終於在票價上達成共識並完成交易。」(A) 競賽,(B)藝術品,(C)拼圖或謎題。transaction「交易」符合句意,故(D)為正解。
- 正解為(C)。題意為「在火紅活動中賣黃牛票的行為通常是具有爭議性的,因為這讓平常就有在關注的粉絲很難用票面價值買到票。」(A)合法,(B)可接受(D) 受到讚揚的。controversial「有爭議性的」符合句意,故(C)為正解。
責任編輯:陳瑋鴻
核稿編輯:倪旻勤